{"id":1695,"date":"2021-02-08T09:30:00","date_gmt":"2021-02-08T09:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cannadaily.news\/?p=1695"},"modified":"2021-02-08T09:34:00","modified_gmt":"2021-02-08T09:34:00","slug":"pregnancy-and-cannabis-a-pending-issue","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cannadaily.news\/es\/pregnancy-and-cannabis-a-pending-issue\/","title":{"rendered":"Cannabis y embarazo: una asignatura pendiente"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00bfQu\u00e9 sabemos y qu\u00e9 necesitamos aprender sobre los efectos del consumo de productos cannabicos durante la gestaci\u00f3n?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

La mayor\u00eda de especialistas desaconsejan el consumo de cannabis durante el embarazo y se asocia con complicaciones en el parto, nacimientos prematuros y la falta de peso. Pero \u00bfqu\u00e9 se sabe de cierto de sus efectos sobre el feto?, y no menos importante, \u00bfqu\u00e9 motivos tienen las mujeres embarazadas para recurrir a esta sustancia?, \u00bfc\u00f3mo y cu\u00e1ndo la consumen?, \u00bfc\u00f3mo les afecta?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La mayor\u00eda de estudios sobre el tema no aportan resultados demasiado concluyentes y en muchos casos son contradictorios. Se sabe que los fitocannabinoides de la marihuana afectan a los receptores cann\u00e1bicos presentes en el cerebro de todos los mam\u00edferos y al desarrollo del sistema endocannabinoide del feto.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

El papel del sistema cannabinoide en el cuerpo humano:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

El sistema endocannabinoide es el encargado de regular una amplia variedad de procesos fisiol\u00f3gicos, como la liberaci\u00f3n de neurotransmisores, la percepci\u00f3n del dolor y la regulaci\u00f3n de funciones cardiovasculares, gastrointestinales, como el apetito, y funciones hep\u00e1ticas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
El papel del sistema endocannabinoide en el cuerpo humano.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Este sistema incluye: los receptores cann\u00e1bicos (CB1 y CB2), localizados principalmente en el cerebro y el sistema nervioso, repartidos por los tejidos y \u00f3rganos perif\u00e9ricos; los endocannabinoides, las \u201cmol\u00e9culas de uni\u00f3n\u201d o nexos de los receptores; y por \u00faltimo, las enzimas que sintetizan y regulan los endocannabinoides.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Los fitocannabinoides presentes de forma natural en la marihuana, como el THC o CBD, act\u00faan en el cuerpo de la misma forma que la anandamida, uno de los principales endocannabinoides en el organismo humano. Y tal c\u00f3mo hemos apuntado, no se sabe con certeza si los fitocannabinoides afectan de una forma beneficiosa o, al contrario, producen deficiencias en el desarrollo del beb\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

El consumo de cannabis durante el embarazo, una cuesti\u00f3n controvertida:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Un estudio publicado en 2015 midi\u00f3 la percepci\u00f3n global del movimiento en 145 ni\u00f1os expuestos a diferentes combinaciones de meta-anfetaminas, alcohol, tabaco y cannabis durante la gestaci\u00f3n frente a 45 ni\u00f1os que no estuvieron expuestos a ninguna sustancia. Los resultados mostraron que los ni\u00f1os expuestos a la marihuana en ausencia del alcohol fueron un 50 % mejores en las tareas que los ni\u00f1os no expuestos. Este dato podr\u00eda tomarse como un indicador de que los fitocannabinoides podr\u00edan favorecer el desarrollo de la percepci\u00f3n corporal y espacial.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Embarazo y cannabis: \u00bfque necesitamos saber?<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Cabe se\u00f1alar tambi\u00e9n, que en la mayor\u00eda de estudios se analizan factores de forma aislada, hecho que resta cr\u00e9dito a los resultados obtenidos. En muchos casos no se tienen en cuenta otros muchos factores que influyen sobre la madre y la vida que engendra: el entorno geogr\u00e1fico, social, familiar; el bienestar emocional, la alimentaci\u00f3n, etc. Est\u00e1 ampliamente demostrado que el estr\u00e9s sobre la madre tiene efectos nocivos para el feto, por ejemplo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00bfCu\u00e1les son las verdaderas necesidades de las madres?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Poniendo el punto de mira sobre las madres podr\u00edamos preguntarnos: \u00bfcon qu\u00e9 intenci\u00f3n recurren al cannabis las mujeres embarazadas o lactantes?, \u00bfen qu\u00e9 momentos?, \u00bfc\u00f3mo les beneficia?, \u00bfde qu\u00e9 forma se lo administran?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Por ahora no se han desarrollado estudios que den respuesta a estos interrogantes, lo que podr\u00eda venir motivado por la estigmatizaci\u00f3n que ha sufrido el colectivo de mujeres consumidoras, sobre todo en las \u00faltimas d\u00e9cadas. Circunstancias asimilables al caso de la menstruaci\u00f3n, a la que dedicamos un articulo el pasado jueves<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Cannabis
La madre debe ser el centro de discusi\u00f3n e investigaci\u00f3n sobre el cannabis y el embarazo (fuente: Shutterstock).<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

La ciencia no parece ser muy objetiva cuando se habla de sustancias ilegales o colectivos deprimidos. Cuantas m\u00e1s perspectivas tomemos para analizar el fen\u00f3meno, en este caso, poniendo a las madres siempre en el centro, m\u00e1s completos y objetivos van a ser los resultados. Es necesario abrir un debate sin prejuicios, honesto y transparente y no sucumbir a los dogmas de la nueva religi\u00f3n promulgada por los se\u00f1ores de bata blanca.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

What do we know and what we need to learn about the effects of consuming cannabis during pregnancy? Most specialists advise against the use…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1696,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[75],"tags":[715,709,712,706,707],"gutentor_comment":37,"yoast_head":"\nPregnancy and cannabis: a pending issue - CannaDaily<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Most specialists advise against the use of cannabis during pregnancy, but how and when do they consume it? 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